Pantograph.



No. 809,246. PATENTED JAN. 2, 1906.

N. H. BROWN.

PANTOGRAPH.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 8, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 809,246. Q PATENTED JAN. 2, 1906. N. H. BROWN.

PANTOGRAPH.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 8, 1905.

2 SHEETS SHEET 2.

said invention.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NATHANIEL H. BROWN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAMS,BROWN & EARLE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PANTOGRAPH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

, Patented Jan. 2, 1906.

following is a specification.

My invention has relation to pantographs,

and in such connection it relates more particularly to that class ofpantographs adapted to reproduce profiles of curvedobjects.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide apantograph with a curved revolving tracing-point to permit of the eX-act reproduction of curved objects, especially the tread portions ofrails, by drawing to show wear of same or irregularities therein due topoor material or faulty construction;

second, to provide a pantogra h with means to permit of the adjustment 0the curved revolving tracing point to compensate for wear of the sameand to hold the end contacting with the object to be traced in thecentral longitudinal axis of its holder; third, to provide a pantographwith an adjustable pencil-holder to permit of a lifting of the sameduring adjustment and when not in use; fourth, to provide a pantographwith a standardizing bar or aliner to permit of the adjustment of therevolving tracing-point and pencil with respect to one another, and,fifth, to provide a pantograph with an ad justable clamp adapted topermit of the clamping of the pantograph to various-sized rails andholding of the same in proper position with respect to the rails.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood fromthe following description, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, forming part hereof, in which Figure 1 is a view, partly insection and partly in side elevation, of apantograph, illustrating themanner of clamping the same to a rail, the profile of which is to bereproduced by a drawing embodying main features of my Fig. 2 is a detailview illustrating perspectively a standarding or alining bar. Figs. 3and 4 are detail views, enlarged, illustrating, respectively, in sectionand in elevation the revolving tracing-point and adjustablepencil-holder and their respective connections with a telescoping holderand a portion of the pantographlimbs carrying the same. Fig. 5 is adetail view illustrating in elevation means for clamping thepencil-holder to its telescoping support. Fig. 6 is a detail viewillustrating in end elevation the pencil-holder and its support; andFig. 7 is a detail view illustrating, partly in section and partly inrear elevation, the clamp for connecting the pantograph with a rail.

Referring to the drawings, a is a board or plate, to which, by means ofbolts 0, and thumb-nuts a is removably secured the member I) of a clamp11, the other member 6 of which is pivotally connected in the point 6 toa lug b of the member I). Both members I) and b of the clamp b areprovided at their free ends with gripping-jaws b adapted to engage thefoot 0 of a rail 0 from opposite sides and to clamp the board a to thesame. In order to permit of the ready engagement of the clamp b to therail 0, the member 6 thereof is adjustably connected with the member I)by a threaded bolt 5 se cured to a lug b of the member I), and by athumb-nut b engaging the bolt N, which nut by bearing against the member6 forces the same toward the member b, and thus permits of theengagement of the foot portions 0 of rails of varying sizes by themembers I) and b As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the board a by means of theclamp b may be thus readily connected to and disconnected from the rail0 and held by the clamp 11 in proper position with respect to the same.A rod d, slidably arranged in a bracket d, secured to the board a,assists in the support of the board on the rail 0, and a set-screw (Z ofthe bracket (1, engaging the rod (1, serves to clamp the rod to thebracket d when the same assumes its proper position with respect to theboard 0,, as will-be readily understood in connection with Fig. 1 of thedrawings.

To the board a, forming a part of the pantograph, and in the point e ispivotally secured the frame e of the pantograph, consisting of threehorizontally andthree transversely disposed limbs e, e, and e and 6 e,and 6 respectively, which are joined to gether at their ends and at apoint intermediate thereto, forming the frame 7, which may be turned onits pivotal point e and the limbs of which may assume various angularpositions with respect to each other when one of its corners is movedtoward or away from the pivotal point e", which remains fixed on theboard a. The fixed pivotal point e for the frame 0 as well as themovable pivotal points e and e for the limbs e and e and e and e areformed by the extensions of the bearings 6 e, and a adapted to receiveand support a telescoping holder f, consisting of a tube f and a rod fsliding in the tube f and to hold the same normally in a diagonalposition with respect to the frame 6 as shown in Fig. 1. To the tube fis preferably brazed a rod f forming a bearing for a sleeve f held inposition thereon by a clamping-screw), which sleeve f 4 is provided witha laterally-extending arm f, forming the su port for a curved finger ortracingpoint, which is adjustably clamped to the armf by means of aset-screwf. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the free end 6 of the curvedtracing-point e is held in the central longitudinal axis of the tube fand rod f by means of the arm f and when out of this po sition may beeasily returned to the same by sliding the point on the arm f. Oppositethe tracing-point e the rod f sliding within the tube f is provided atits free end with a pencil-holder g, consisting of a sleeve 9, to acertain extent concentrically adjustable with respect to the rodf bymeans of a set-screw g, passing through a slot 9 of the sleeve g, asshown in Fig. 5. The sleeve 9 is slotted so as to form a yielding tongue9 which by means of a set-screw 9 permits of the clamping of the same tothe rod f as shown in Fig. 4. The sleeve 9 is provided with a tubularextension 9 forming a housing for a pencil g, which, by means of athreaded bolt g passing through an angular slot 9 is removably connectedwith the housing. By raising the pencil g in the slot 9 and turning thesame into the right-angular extension g thereof the pencil-point 9 maybe lifted from the paper h, placed on the board a, and held out ofengagement therewith or with the board itself when not in use. A spring9, arranged in the housing g tends to hold the pencil g in engagementwith the paper h and permits the same to freely slide over unevenportions of the same without breaking the point g thereof. The bearing 0for the rod f 2 is clamped to the same by a set-screw e in the samemanner as the bearing a for the tube f of the holder f, which is clampedthereto by a set-screw e, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. By this arrangementthe rod f is forced to slide within the tubef when the frame 6 byengaging the tracing-pointf is moved.

In order to ascertain the extent of wear of the tread c of the head a ofthe rail 0 or of irregularities in the same, the tracing-point f, withits free end f is brought into contact with the head 0 of the rail andmoved over the surface of the same. Owing to the curvature of thetraoing-point and its ability to turn on the rod f 3 of the tube f,which forms its axle, the same may be easily moved over thehorizontally-disposed tread portion a of the head 0 and over thevertically and obliquely disposed sides thereof, and this movement maybe continued to the web portion of the rail 0, if desired. During thismovement of the tracing-point f the pencilpoint g held in contact withthe paper h, removably secured to the board a by means of clamps i,draws the exact reproduction of the outline of the head and treadportion of the rail 0 onto the paper h, as shown in Fig.

1, and hence permit of readily determining the extent of wear of thetread and inner sides of the rail 0. At the same time any irregularitiesin the surface of the rail and of the extent of the same can beaccurately and quickly drawn on the paper h.

In order to compensate for wear of the end f 8 of the tracing-pointf7,due to sliding of the same over the rail 0, and of the pencilpoint 9 bydrawing the outline of the rail on the paper ft or in case the penciland the tracingpoints have been moved out of their respective relativepositions through other causes, there is arranged under the frame 6 astandardizing bar or aliner 7c. This bar consists of a flat strip ofmetal through which a bolt, (not shown,) forming the pivotal point e forthe frame 6 passes to center the bar In with respect to the holder f andwhich by means of screws 7c is connected with the board a, as shown inFig. 1. At one end the bar 7c is provided with a post Z, the centrallongitudinal axis of which is marked by the depression 1, arranged inthe free end of the post, and at its other end the bar is provided withsimilar depressions l indicating the central longitudinal axis of thebar k at this end, as shown in Fig. 2. The depressions of the post andbar are an equal distance apart from the pivotal point e of the frame 6as shown in Fig. 1, and in order to ascertain whether the tracing-pointfand the point 9 of thepencil g are in their proper relative positionsthe holder f is swung into alinement with the bar is, and by thismovement the tracing point f is brought into engagement with theintersection of the depressions Z of the postZ and the pencil-point 9into engagement with the intersection of the depressions P. If it isfound that these points do not occupy a position directly opposite thedepressions Z and Z the set-screws e and e of the holder f are loosened,and the tube f and rod f 2 are adjusted until the points f 8 and g arebrought opposite the depressions Z and Z Owing to the wear of the end fS of the tracing-point the same will be held above the post Z of thealining bar is instead of contacting with the same.

By-the loosening of the set-screw f however, the tracing-pointf can belaterally adjusted with respect to the holder f by sliding the same onthe arm f as will be readily understood from Fig. 3 of the drawings.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pantograph, a movable frame, a holder, consisting of membersslidable in each other and having a tracing-point and drawing meansarranged at their respective free ends, said tracing-point being curvedand pivotally secured to said holder and its free end arranged in thelongitudinal central axis thereof to remain in alinement therewithduring turning of said tracing-point around its holder and saidtracing-point adapted to permit of the reproduction of its movements bysaid drawing means by expanding and contracting said holder by saidframe.

2. In a pantograph, a movable frame, a holder, consisting of membersslidable in each other and having a tracing-point and drawing meanscarried by said holder, said tracing-point curved and pivotally securedto said holder and its free end arranged in the longitudinal centralaxis to ermit said tracing-point by turning on said older to be movedover curved objects and to remain with its end in the longitudinalcentral axis of said holder and said tracing-point adapted to permit ofthe reproduction of its movements by said drawing means by the expandingand contracting of said holder by said frame.

3. In a pantograph, a movable frame, a holder, consisting of two membersslidable in each other and having a tracing-point and a pencil carriedby said holder at opposite ends, said tracing-point curved and pivotallysecured to said holder and its free end arranged in the longitudinalcentral axis thereof to permit said tracing-point by turning on saidolder to be moved over curved objects, and said pencil being adapted tobe actuated by the movementsof said tracing-point and by the sliding ofsaid holder members within each other to reproduce a profile of theobject.

4.. In a pantograph, a frame consisting of a series of limbs movablyjoined to each other at their respective ends and a point intermediatethereof, a telescoping holder carried and actuated by saidframe e, anarm pivotally secured to one end of said holder, a curved tracing-pointslidably arranged on said arm and having an end arranged in the centrallongitudinal axis of said holder, and a pencil-holder arranged at theother end of said holder and having a pencil movably arranged therein.

5. In a pantograph, a board, a movable frame pivotally secured to saidboard, a holder having a tracing-point and a pencil carried by saidframe, a clamp arranged at one side of said board and adapted to engagean object to be traced by said tracing-point and to be reproduced inprofile by said pencil, and adjustable means arranged at the oppositeside of said board, said means and clamp adapted to hold said board andframe in proper position with respect to said object.

6. In a pantograph, a board, a movable frame pivotally secured to saidboard, a holder having a tracing-point and a pencil carried by saidframe, a clamp consisting of two members pivotally connected with eachother and having gripping-jaws adapted to engage the object to be tracedby said tracing-point and to be reproduced in profile by said penciland'to hold said board and frame in proper position thereto, and meansadapted to hold the members of said clamp in engagement with the object.

7. In a pantograph, a board, a movable frame pivotally secured to saidboard, a holder carried by said frame and having at opposite ends atracing-point and a pencil prrojecting from said holder beyond said ame,and a standardizing bar or aliner carried by said board having a postand markings arranged at opposite ends thereon, said markings and postadapted, when said pencil and tracing-points are respectively broughtinto alinement with the same to facilitate an adjustment of thetracing-point and pencil on said holder.

8. In a pantograph, a board, a frame consisting of a series of limbsmovably oined to each other at their respective ends and at pointsintermediate thereto movably connected with said board, a holder,consisting of a tube and a rod movably secured to said frame, atracing-point and pencil movably and adjustably secured to said tube androd, and a clamp adapted to connect said board with the object to bedrawn.

9. In a pantograph, a board, a frame consisting of a series of limbsmovably joined to each other'at their respective ends and at pointsintermediate thereto movably connected with said board, a holder,consisting of a tube and a rod movably secured to said frame, atracing-point and pencil respectively movably and adjustably secured tosaid tube and rod,'a clamp adapted to connect said board with the objectto be drawn, and a standardizing bar or aliner carried by said board andarranged below said frame and having a post and markings arrangedatopposite ends thereon and adapted to serve as a guide to bring saidtracing-point and pencil back to their respective relative positionswhen away from the same.

10. In a pantograph, a board, a movable frame pivotally secured to saidboard, a

I holder for a traci11g-point and pencil carried In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set my signature 1n the presence of tWo subscrlb- IO ingWitnesses.

NATHANIEL H. BROWN.

Witnesses J. WALTER DoUGLAss, THOMAS M. SMITH.

